Millipore Test Procedure Pdf 79 UPD
The Authority section cites the authority that authorizes the agency to change the CFR. The authority citation is given in the shortest form. Placement of the authority citation depends on what unit of the CFR the agency is amending.
Millipore Test Procedure Pdf 79
In our earlier study [29], a comprehensive MF/UF evaluation protocol was developed, filling in the gap of having a robust bench testing procedure used to assess the performance of commercial and emerging MF/UF membranes while mimicking industrial conditions. Such procedure incorporated using a representative synthetic produced water (PW) to evaluate the membrane performance in terms of permeability, fouling, rejection, and cleanability. The validity of the procedure was proven using various commercial products through assessing the impact of changing membrane pore size/MWCO, chemistry, and vendor on performance. The procedure was also successfully applied on some novel membranes at their initial development stage to be evaluated and compared to relevant commercial products. This study builds on the previous evaluation and focuses on applying the same thorough procedure to assess multiple newly developed BCP-based membranes.
This paper presents an evaluation of newly developed BCP-based membranes at bench scale level targeting industrial oil water separation application. The performance of those new materials was then compared to a relevant commercial product under representative industrial testing conditions.
To be able to illustrate the variation in performance trends for the newly developed membranes that are expected to show variation in permeability depending on the alignment of the BCP vertical cylinders (i.e. pores), multiple commercial membranes were tested to determine the impact of pore size variation on membrane performance. Table 1 lists the selected products. Three commercial membranes with PES chemistry at multiple pore sizes were acquired from M1. PES chemistry was selected as a comparison basis because the synthesized BCP films were layered on a commercial PES support. Based on the obtained performance findings for the newly developed membranes, a relevant commercial membrane, having PES chemistry, was also tested and used as benchmark for performance comparison.
It is important to determine the membrane initial stable flux prior to testing with the synthetic PW. The initial characterization test is utilized in assessing the machinal stability of the BCP film when tested under pressurized operating conditions. The first generation of such membranes was tested in our previous study at which it was found that the applied pressure resulted in significant drop in permeability with time due to the gradual deformation of the vertical porous BCP cylinders. To address this limitation, the BCP film was sandwiched between two layers of the 8.0 PES support. A performance comparison between the first and second membrane generations in terms of initial characterization is shown in Fig. 7. Results for the newly developed BCP membranes using the sandwich configuration showed stable performances throughout the test period signifying the added protection from the dual support layers. Modified membranes A and B showed stable specific water fluxes of 12,242 and 5538 LMH/bar, respectively. The modified dual support design was proven effective in eliminating the BCP film deformation upon applying pressure.